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| Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon | |
|---|---|
| Geography | |
| Location | Lyon, France |
| Coordinates | 45°45′30″N4°50′11″E / 45.75833°N 4.83639°ECoordinates: 45°45′30″N4°50′11″E / 45.75833°N 4.83639°E |
| History | |
| Opened | 1454 |
| Closed | 2010 |
| Links | |
| Lists | Hospitals in France |
Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon was a hospital of historical significance situated on the west bank of the Rhone river, on the 'Presque-isle' (the Peninsula between the Saône and Rhone rivers which run through the city center). It has been out of use since 2010.
This zone is served by the metro lines A and D
First erected in medieval times, the building originally served as the 'Confrérie des frères pontifes' (est. 1184), a pontifical meeting-place and refuge for both traveling and local members of the clergy. However, when the first doctor Maître Martin Conras was hired in 1454, 'Hôtel-Dieu' became a fully functional hospital, one of the most important in France. As Lyon was a city known for its trade and seasonal fairs, many of the early patients were weary travelers of foreign descent.
In 1532, 'Hôtel-Dieu' appointed former Franciscan/Benedictine monk-turned-doctor and great Humanist François Rabelais, who would write his Gargantua and Pantagruel during his tenure here. Renaissance poet Louise Labé lived just beyond the western limits of the building.
Massive expansion projects in the 17th century by Guillaume Ducellet (under Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu) and in the 18th century by Jacques-Germain Soufflot (under Louis XIV and Jean-Baptiste Colbert) replaced the original building with the grandiose wings and courts we know today. In fact, at its greatest point, the hospital extended from its present position beyond Place Bellecour to engulf the area now occupied by the central post office.
'Hôtel-Dieu' houses the 'Musée des Hospices Civils' a permanent exhibit tracing the history and practice of medicine from the Middle Ages to modern time and includes a fine collection of apothecary vases amongst other objects.
In May 2015, it was announced that the building, which ceased to function as a hospital in 2010, will be converted to a luxury hotel, the InterContinental Lyon, opening in 2018.[1]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'Intercontinental Heads to Lyon as Part of France's Most Historic Renovation Ever'. HotelChatter. May 1, 2015. Archived from the original on May 30, 2015.
| Born | 27 May 1974 (age 46) Paris, France |
|---|---|
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation | Actor, freerunning instructor, public speaker |
| Website | foucan.com |
Sébastien Foucan (born 27 May 1974 in Paris) is a French freerunner of Guadeloupean descent.
He is the founder of freerunning and considered an early developer of parkour. Known for his views on the philosophy of Parkour and freerunning, Foucan stresses the need for training in the basics of both for individual safety and to maintain a positive public perception of the activities. As creator of freerunning, Foucan has stipulated its values:
Follow your way; Always practice; Respect others in their practice; Be an inspiration for others; Be positive and look for positive environments; Respect your environment; Feel free to try other disciplines; Don't take it too seriously; The journey is more important than the goal; There is no good or bad, right or wrong, but what is important is what you learn from experiences through practice; Freerunning is not an elite discipline, but for people who love and continue to move; Channel your energy in a good way, a way to be better[1]
He became known in the United Kingdom after Mike Christie's Channel 4 documentary Jump London in September 2003 and the subsequent documentary Jump Britain. In addition to those programmes, Foucan appeared as Mollaka in the 21st James Bond film Casino Royale.[2] He spent three months in the Bahamas on the film.[3] Foucan appeared in the music video for Madonna's 2005 single 'Jump', accompanying the singer on her 2006 'Confessions Tour'.[4] He helped K-Swiss develop the Ariake, the first in a line of five freerunning-shoe models. Foucan appeared in a trailer for the game Mirror's Edge. His most-recent role is assassin Anton Bogart in The Tournament.
It was reported on 3 January 2012 that Foucan would be among 15 celebrities in the seventh series of Dancing on Ice.[5] On 19 February he was eliminated in a double Ultimate Skills skate-off with Heidi Range.
Freerunning[edit]
Foucan attributed the name free running to Guillaume Pelletier, who he had worked with at the time of Jump London.[6] The word 'freerunning' was coined during the filming of Jump London to present Parkour to the English-speaking world. Since then it has come to represent Foucan's methodology, which focuses on innovation and expression rather than Parkour's speed and efficiency.
Foucan explains freerunning:
Freerunning, for me, is my Parkour evolution. I can't say any more that I do Parkour, because if I want to be free to do flips, or let's say I'm learning breakdancing, and I would like to incorporate it into my Parkour expression...Not to say I am doing capoeira, breakdancing, Parkour and anything else. Freerunning is the way I choose to name my own expression. Now people recognize Parkour with flips (acrobatics) as freerunning. But only the action of doing Parkour and flips is not freerunning. It's the action of adding more stuff into your expression. That's the Freerunning attitude.[7]
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Foucan has described the core value
Follow your way; Always practise; Respect others in their practise; Be an inspiration for others; Be positive and look for positive environments; Respect your environment; Feel free to try other disciplines; Don't take it too seriously; The journey is more important than the goal; There is no good or bad, right or wrong but what is important is what you learn from experiences through practise; Freerunning is not an elite discipline, but for the people who love and continue to move; Channel your energy in a good way, a way to be better.[1][8][9]
He defines Freerunning as a discipline for self-development, following one's own way.[1][8][9] Foucan's dissatisfaction with Parkour's limited creativity and self-expression motivated him to develop a similar art of movement which became known as freerunning.[10]
He reported that he was forced to define free running as a discipline separate from parkour because others had rejected his practice as not being within their definition of parkour.[6] For example, David Belle and other Parkour enthusiasts have criticized Foucan and freerunning:
Free Running? A kind of demonstration mixing parkour techniques, and acrobatics to be more spectacular and serve the medias and marketing, but also a sport. The term Parkour has been invented by David Belle and Hubert Koundé in 1998 and the word Free Running has been created much later by Sebastien Foucan for the purpose of spreading Parkour in a marketing fashion (they thought the word 'parkour' wasn't international enough and Sebastien Foucan proposed them this word). The problem is that they fully mixed acrobatics to impress people. This is where Freerunning becomes different from Parkour. To make a comparison, Free Running is like artistic katas in martial arts, the goal is only to be spectacular. So it is related to parkour but doesn't answer to the same philosophy. I mean, when you practice to show how spectacular your jump is gonna be, people aren't focused anymore on the difficulty, on the obstacle but on you. This showing-off attitude isn't the parkour philosophy which preaches for humility. In this, Free Running and Parkour are fundamentally opposite even if the first one is related to the second one. Like the traditional way and the freestyle way.[6]
Foucan has described freerunning as a process of movement aimed at self-development through physical activity, play, and creativity. He regards it as an act symbolic of leaving 'fixed path and social systems'.[11]
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Foucan appeared in Ninja Warrior UK 4 and cleared the Heats, but his run in the Semi-Final has not been broadcast yet.
Filmography[edit]
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- Acting
- Casino Royale (2006) as Mollaka
- The Tournament (2009) as Anton Bogart
- The Antwerp Dolls (2015) as Marco
- Creators: The Past (2016) as Tammuz
- Stunts
- 55 Degrees North (TV series) Episode #1.1 freerunning performer (2004)
References[edit]
- ^ abcFree Running founder Sebastien Foucan to be interviewed by Worldwide JAM. Worldwide Jam.tv.
- ^IMDb, Casino Royale (2006)
- ^'Curtis – Sébastien's stunt double'. theurbanheroes.com. 29 November 2006. Archived from the original on 22 May 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2007.
Curtis was hired to be a stunt double in the recent James Bond Film 'Casino Royale'. He was on location in the Bahamas for 13 weeks working closely with Gary Powell the stunt coordinator to help plan and execute the opening chase scene.
- ^Confessions Tour details – Mad-Eyes – Madonna tour schedule, setlist, equestrian, bedouin, disco. Mad-Eyes.
- ^[1]Archived 10 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ abcWorldwide Jam. Parkour and Free Running Resource. Worldwidejam.tv.
- ^'Ask Seb' Episode 1 – Sébastien Foucan. YouTube (2 November 2010).
- ^ abHome « Sébastien Foucan: the official website Sébastien Foucan: the official website. Foucan.com (16 August 2012).
- ^ abFreerunning: Find Your Way: Amazon.co.uk: Sebastien Foucan: Books. Amazon.co.uk.
- ^Foucan. Foucan (16 August 2012).
- ^Sébastien Foucan: Founder of free running Life and style. the guardian.com.
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External links[edit]
- Sébastien Foucan on IMDb
- Sébastien Foucan in British Documentary 'Jump Britain' at Google Video